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Taiping island is located in the north of the central Zheng He group reef in the north of the Spratly Islands. It is an innate territory in China. It lies on the east side of the west side of the South China Sea. It covers an area of 0.43 square kilometers. People's Republic of China has sovereignty over Taiping Island. It is controlled by Taiwan, China, and is controlled by Kaohsiung Municipality. It is about 1600 kilometers away from the Northeast port of Kaohsiung.

At the end of World War II in 1945, after China's victory in the war of resistance against Japan, the frigate Taiping of the Chinese navy was responsible for receiving the islands and reefs in the South China Sea occupied by Japan, and erecting sovereignty steles to declare sovereignty. The frigate named the largest island in Nansha to commemorate history.

Chinese fishermen used to call this island "Huangshan Mashi", which means "towering". Nautical maps other than Chinese call Taiping island "ITU ABA island", and "ituaba" means "what's that" in Malay.

Taiping Island Airport is located in Taiping Island, Spratly Islands, Hainan province. It is actually administered by the Taiwan authorities and is attached to the Kaohsiung District of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The Taiwan Air Force sends a C-130 transport plane every two months. The airport has a runway with a length of 1200 meters and a width of 30 meters. Its east apron can accommodate two C-130 transport aircraft, covering an area of 7800 square meters, and the West apron covers an area of 1800 square meters. It is the southernmost airport in the territory actually controlled by the Taiwan authorities.